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A brief history of Ionocraft and related electrostatic lifters is summarized below.


(To be completed soon...)

The below spreadsheet is believed to be accurate and the information was sourced from original websites (often on the Wayback Machine) where possible. Stacked devices have a column where the separate lifter layers' area is combined as it were a single layer for comparison to one-layer devices. The various historic craft identified are often operating at peak output and may be more efficient without payloads. Where possible the un-burdened power is also reported for a few devices.